Cirrhosis
Pre-existing cirrhosis is found in more than 80% of those diagnosed with HCC. Common causes are alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and chronic hep B/C
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Active viral replication is associated with higher risk of HCC. Strong evidence from prospective studies show that high levels of HBV serum DNA increase the risk of HCC.
Hepatitis C Virus
HCV is the most common cause of HCC in the West. A large, prospective, population-based study described a 20-fold increased risk of HCC in infected individuals.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Worldwide prevalence of NAFLD is estimated at 25% and steadily increasing. Lower risk for HCC than HBV or HCV, but high prevalence increases the urgency to address
Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
Severe form of NAFLD in which patients have hepatitis and liver cell damage, likely to cause fibrosis which can progress to cirrhosis
Additional Risk Factors
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- Excessive alcoholic consumption
- Inherited liver disease (e.g., hemochromatosis, Wilson's)
- Environmental factors (e.g., exposure to aflatoxin)
What’s next?
Know your symptoms
Damage to your liver accumluates over time across multiple stages, affecting your health in many ways. Learn about the early signs and symptoms of liver disease.
Take care of your liver everyday
A healthy liver means a healthy you. Eating a balanced diet and making lifestyle choices during the day can help you lower your risk.
